17 May 1940: More British Army troops arrive in Reykjavk. The capital city, Reykjavik, was protected by 60 police armed with handguns. In time, some of the British garrison was replaced by Canadi Allied occupation of Iceland | owlapps Because their troops were needed to fight in the war, Britain asked the USA if they could come to Iceland, develop naval and fuel-oil facilities, carry out patrol activities, and build bases. Aircraft from this squadron attacked two U-boats in 1944, sinking U-342 on 17 April 1944. In 1941, responsibility for the occupation was taken over by the United States Army. [10], Icelanders were and remain sharply divided about the war and occupation - what is sometimes referred to as "blessa stri" or "the Lovely War." Many were upset that the foreign troops were "taking away" women, friends, and family. 162 Squadron RCAF was seconded to RAF Coastal Command and stationed at RAF Reykjavik from January 1944 to cover the mid-ocean portion of the North Atlantic shipping route. Britain invaded to forestall a German occupation, to provide a base for naval and air patrols, and to protect merchant shipping lanes from North America to Europe. Reykjavk during WWII from the Reykjavk City Museum website, Canadian Remembrances: War on Land - Mobilization, Decision to Land US Forces in Iceland, 1941, Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War. The events resulted in a widespread campaign by the German right-wing press, which . I need hardly point out the strategic importance, not only of the security of the North Atlantic sea lanes, but to the defence of this continent, of maintaining control of Iceland. Additional reinforcements over the course of the summer included field artillery, Anti-Aircraft guns, Bren carriers, engineer and construction units, and support forces. I need hardly point out the strategic importance, not only of the security of the North Atlantic sea lanes, but to the defence of this continent, of maintaining control of Iceland. The troops outnumbered the group of Icelandic marriageable females. The allies also occupied some nations. 08 May 1942: Contractors started to arrive in Iceland from the USA. Britain, France, Australia, and New Zealand declare war on Germany, 04 Sep 1939: British Royal Air Force attacks a German submarine, 10 Sep 1939: Canada declares war on Germany and within this month, 58,000 Canadians enlist in the Canadian Armed Forces, 08 Nov 1939: Attempted assassination of Hilter, December 1939: The British Commonwealth form an agreement with Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The opening of Hernmssetri at Hlair begins at 2 pm. The RAF and RCAF continued to operate from two Royal Air Force stations through to the end of the war. There was however German interest in seizing Iceland. The period of the plebiscite campaign and inter-Allied occupation was marked by violence. Denmark, which was neutral, was invaded and conquered within a day and the British attempt to defend Norway ended up in a retreat. They also requested buildings, houses, and transportation. We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. how did operation torch contribute to the allied victoryimportance of international economics. Iceland Invaded book. On Wednesday, 70 years had passed since the convoys of the allied forces in World War II sailed from Hvalfjrur in West Iceland to Russia. The Icelandic authorities decided it was best to cooperate but formally maintain a neutral standing even though they forbade the war and stated that Iceland was a neutral country -- but Denmark had been a neutral country, too, and Germany had invaded them. Rochus Misch. Austria Under Allied Occupation CL2979.jpg 800 544; 55 KB. Two institutions were opened in 1942, to house these wayward girls and women in Reykjavk and in Borgarfjrur. As the war drew to a close the Keflavk Agreement signed in 1946 between the United States and the Republic of Iceland stipulated that the American army would leave the country within six months, and Iceland would take possession of the Keflavk Airport. [13], This article is about the 1940 invasion. Some believe it was a totally unwanted and a horrible take-over. how to find my wifi password calgary coordinates. The information centers purpose is to commemorate historical heritage and at the same time give travelers the opportunity to learn more about the regions culture. The report found that while an invasion could be successful, maintaining supply lines would be too costly and the benefits of holding Iceland would not outweigh the costs (there was, for instance, insufficient infrastructure for aircraft in Iceland). Canadian army, navy and air force units were dispatched to and continued to operate in and around Iceland throughout the war. The various governments resolved their diplomatic issues and Iceland issued an invitation for the US Military to come on shore. 01 Jan 1942: 65 Icelanders and 50 Americans are working together on the Air Base. May 2: The first passenger jet flight route opens between London and Johannesburg. The US agreed on 16 June 1941. 5,720,000 from Poland (240,000 Military Deaths), 600,000 from France (250,000 Military Deaths), 418,500 from USA A few days later, some troops were sent to Akureyri. Britain failed to persuade the Althing to approve an American occupation force, but with TF 19 anchored off Reykjavk that evening Roosevelt gave approval for the invasion. Thirteen German airmen were buried there with the letters E.D. Like most of the British invasions the occupation of Iceland is airbrushed out of the victors' narrative. Iceland's closest relations are with the Nordic states, the European Union and the United States. Eiji Takemae (Author), Robert Ricketts (Translator), Sebastian Swann (Translator) & 4.5 out of 5 stars 5 . During the year I spent on the island, I found the people full of hatred towards the British. Things got off to a rocky start. On the evening of 10 May, the government of Iceland issued a protest, charging that its neutrality had been flagrantly violated and its independence infringed, noting that compensation would be expected for all damage done. The invasion of Iceland was a British military operation conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines during World War II to occupy and deny Iceland to Germany. They were occupied by the allied powers who defeated Germany (the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States) and by France. The Reykjavk Fossvogur Cemetery has two war graves plots containing a total of 199 commonwealth burials. Something went wrong. The British promised compensation, favourable business agreements, non-interference in Icelandic affairs, and the withdrawal of all forces at the end of the war. In the following days air defence equipment was deployed in Reykjavk and a detachment of troops sent to Akureyri. 45,400 from Canada 10 May 1940 - 31 Dec 1945. Stretched thin, Brigadier Lammie requested additional forces of the HQ of the 49th (West Riding) Infantry Division, a Territorial Army (TA) formation under Major General Henry Curtis, and the 147th Brigade arrived on 26 May, followed by numerous convoys of troops and supplies. [citation needed]. Upon their arrival on the island, the Allied Forces found only dirt roads and no airports in Iceland. 9,500 from Norway [citation needed], During the occupation, on 17 June 1944, Iceland declared itself a republic, and while continuing to cooperate with the British, Canadian, and American military they remained officially neutral throughout the war. The facility was protected by a minefield, anti-submarine gate and boom across the fjord, coastal guns, AA batteries, and anti-submarine trawlers. The Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm 701 Squadron provided initial air support, and the army built two airfields, RAF Kaldadarnes and RAF Reykjavik, home to several RAF and RCAF squadrons until the end of the war. ), a brigade signal section and details, arrived on 9 July. Rhine and Drachenfels, 1921 Rhineland, 1918/1919. It was expected that they might organize a guerilla force, or even stage a coup against the Icelandic government. Iceland has been a member of the United Nations since 1946. . After failing to persuade the Icelandic government to join the Allies, the British invaded on the morning of 10 May. The military operation, codenamed Operation Fork, was conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines. Meeting no resistance, the troops moved quickly to disable communication networks, secure strategic locations, and arrest German citizens. This was done for administrative purposes during the period 1945 - 1949 . Nov 1945: British return the air station and depots to the US Navy. ), a brigade signal section and details, arrived on 9 July. After the revolt of the sailors in Kiel, the revolution spread throughout the country. allied occupation of iceland by April 21, 2022 The military operation codenamed Operation Fork was conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines. This article is about the 1940 invasion. Has information about the Occupation not found elsewhere, particularly about crimes by Allied soldiers, distressingly including widespread rape. In the first place, he wanted to prevent "anyone else" from coming there; and, in the second place, he also wanted to use Iceland as an air base for the protection of our submarines operating in that area". See search results for this author. Buy, sell, trade and exchange collectibles easily with Colnect collectors community. The Allied Occupation of Japan Paperback - August 1, 2003 . The Icelanders were (and still are) sharply divided about the effects of the occupation of their homeland. During 1941, a special group was organized by the Minister of the Judiciary to investigate "The Situation" in Iceland or "standi." The cruiser HMSDevonshire and battleship King George V visited Akureyri harbour in May 1941, just prior to their sea battle with the German warships Bismarck and Prinz Eugen in the Straits of Denmark between Greenland and Iceland. Royal Marines boarded HMS Berwick and the HMS Glasgow, the two cruisers designated to take them to the island-state. The war graves plots also contain one Russian and eight Norwegian war graves, and eight non-war burials. This had been agreed in London in September 1944. The invasion of Iceland was a British military operation conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines during World War II to occupy and deny Iceland to Germany. By July 1941, there were over 25,000 British troops on the island. Having invaded the Faroe Islands in April 1940, which were of similar status as Iceland, the British continued convincing Iceland to abandon neutrality and join the Allies. At the start of the war, Britain imposed strict export controls on Icelandic goods, preventing profitable shipments to Germany, as part of its naval blockade. In time, some of the British garrison was replaced by Canadian and later American forces, despite the fact . I found the history of Hvalfjrur so exciting along with the occupation and the convoys. 255 children had been born to soldier men. He went home and started burning all confidential documents in his possession. By July 1941, there were over 25,000 British troops on the island. The RAF and RCAF continued to operate from two Royal Air Force stations through to the end of the war. 101st Airborne on R&R at Knigssee, June 1945 HD-SN-99-02922.JPG 3,000 2,455; 869 KB. Winston Churchill became the Prime Minister of Britain. 199 Commonwealth soldiers are buried in Iceland in six cemeteries cared for by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. This is the forgotten history of Iceland, and its occupat. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. 162 Squadron RCAF was seconded to RAF Coastal Command and stationed at RAF Reykjavik from January 1944 to cover the mid-ocean portion of the North Atlantic shipping route. These specialty construction forces of the Navy rapidly replaced the contractors. this modest business successfully , and during the early Allied occupation of Berlin also became involved in the making of peanut butter for . 1946: The Keflavk Agreement made between the USA and the Republic of Iceland stipulated that the American army would leave the country and Iceland would take possession of the Keflavk Airport. The Occupation of Iceland During World War II - Includes a Timeline of Events before and during the occupation - located here. We provide seminars, webinars, blogs, podcasts, workshops, social media, Samtal Hours, New Member Training, a dedicated Icelandic Genealogy Database, and much more. Britain offered assistance to Iceland, seeking cooperation "as a belligerent and an ally", but Reykjavik declined and reaffirmed its neutrality. The War Years in Iceland Through the Eyes of a Child with four first-hand stories shared by Brynds Viglundsdttir, the child in these stories, which you can READ AT THIS LINK. [11], Although the British action was to forestall any risk of a German invasion, there is no evidence that the Germans had an invasion planned. The War Years in Iceland Through the Eyes of a Child with four first-hand stories shared by Brynds Viglundsdttir, the child in these stories, which you can READ AT THIS LINK. April 1948: Marshall Plan initiated where the USA gave $17 billion (about $160 billion in today value) to help build Europe after the end of WWII. On 6 August, the United States Navy established an air base at Reykjavk with the arrival of Patrol Squadron VP-73 PBY Catalinas and VP-74 PBM Mariners. British troops landed early in the morning in Reykjavk. 8 non-war burials are located in this plot. Interaction between the Icelandic women and the foreign troops was severely looked down upon. In a postwar interview with an American, Walter Warlimont claimed, "Hitler definitely was interested in occupying Iceland prior to [British] occupation. On 17 May, 4,000 additional troops of the British Army arrived to relieve the marines. Planning conquest of Iceland for next week. The armistice had put a temporary end to the fighting in the Great War, the allied occupation of the Rhineland began. On 17 May 1940, the British 146th Infantry Brigade, arrived to relieve the Royal Marine invasion force, who left 19 May. The Allied zones of occupation in post-war Germany, highlighting the Soviet zone (red), the inner German border (black line) and the zone from which American troops withdrew in July 1945 (purple). Assaults by Black soldiers in the French occupation army on local women led to accusations of systemic rape and other atrocities targeting the German civilian population and attributed mainly to Senegalese Tirailleurs. The troops outnumbered the group of Icelandic marriageable females. For the 1627 raid, see, World War II Sea War, Volume 2: France Falls, Britain Stands Alone, 69th (West Riding) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, 143rd (Kent Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, Expansion operations and planning of the Axis Powers, "Chapter 3: Decision To Land United States Forces in Iceland, 1941", "Commonwealth War Graves Commission - Iceland", "RELATIONS BETWEEN ALLIED FORCES AND THE POPULATION OF ICELAND", "The Occupation of Iceland During World War II", "Hverjar voru tlanir jverja um a rast inn sland seinni heimsstyrjldinni? 199 Commonwealth soldiers are buried in Iceland in six cemeteries cared for by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.[7]. The presence of British, Canadian, and American troops in Iceland has had a lasting impact on the country. However, the presence of British, Canadian, and US troops had a lasting impact on the country. Jul 12, 2013 - Explore Chris Koch's board "Allied Occupation of Germany", followed by 398 people on Pinterest. This article is about the 1940 invasion. This is an unfortunate consequence of any conquest, and Allied behavior in Japan (especially American) was far better than that of just about any other victor in any war both before and after World War II. Reykjavk's cityscape experienced a transformation during the occupation. 13 Feb 1942: Plans were made to build an Air Force Base and a 100-bed hospital in Reykjavk. 31 Jan 1944: The Air Base was turned over to the British. The California 6th Marine Regiment became the first force on duty in Iceland. How Hard Is It to Get a Nursing Job in Iceland? The invasion of Iceland, codenamed Operation Fork, was a British military operation conducted by the Royal Navy, the Royal Marines and a small Canadian task force [1] during World War II. On 7 July 1941, the defence of Iceland was transferred from Britain to the United States. Commonwealth occupation forces eventually totalled 25,000 infantry with support elements from the Royal Air Force, Royal Navy and Royal Canadian Navy. The Allied occupation of Iceland during World War II began with a British invasion intent on occupying and denying Iceland to Germany. On 9 February 1941, Canadian forces engaged a single German aircraft overflying the island. 07 Jul 1941: the defense of Iceland is given to the USA with agreement by Iceland. The government of Iceland made a formal protest which was ignored by the British government. They stated that the British restrictions on the Icelanders were too severe and the plans for evacuation in case of attack were inadequate. Altogether, some 35,000 . The British retreated completely after the war, and most of their facilities were turned over to the Icelandic government, but American military presence remained. In a postwar interview with an American, Walter Warlimont claimed, "Hitler definitely was interested in occupying Iceland prior to [British] occupation. 10 May 1940: British and Canadian military invade Iceland in 'Operation Fork.' After the British invasion, the Germans drew up a report to examine the feasibility of seizing Iceland, Operation Ikarus. Women were often accused of prostitution and of being traitors. in this video i take a look at the unique experience of iceland during the second world war/world war 2, its initial neutrality as part of denmark until the german invasion of denmark in 1940,. The hospital ship Leinster based at Akureyri harbour sailed on 24 May to care for the wounded after the destruction of HMSHood in the battle. Jul 1940: The Canadian Unit, 'The Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa served on garrison duty in Iceland until April of 1941 at the ''Bytown Camp.''. The landing party included 746 Marines who were initially poorly armed. These Nazis, in turn supervised the Dutch civil- service. Shall probably be too late! This day was chosen to coincide with Jn Sigurssons birthday. Force headquarters and The Royal Regiment sailed for England on 31 October and rejoined the main body of the 2nd Canadian Division. Germany Under Allied Occupation CL3517.jpg 800 667; 89 KB. Working through SCAP, a term that stands for both the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (General Douglas MacArthur until 1951) and the largely American bureaucracy, the United States and its allies insisted that Japan must enact major reforms before regaining independence. BRITISH FORCES OF OCCUPATION IN AUSTRIA 1945 - 1947 VIE1182.jpg 798 800; 132 KB. In all, more soldiers came to Iceland than all of the adult men living in Iceland at the time. iceland vs israel last match; latex error: environment acknowledgements undefined; campervan hire switzerland. The invasion of Iceland was a British military operation conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines during World War II to occupy and deny Iceland to Germany. Sometimes, it is referred to as ''blessa stri'' or ''the Lovely War.''. The invasion of Iceland was a British military operation conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines during World War II to occupy and deny Iceland to Germany. Iceland totally rejected the government of Britain's proposal. View original page. "Offering a brilliant hybrid of cultural and political history, international film and literary theory, and literary analysis, Orbaugh (Univ. In the past years he has collected objects and photographs from the history of Hvalfjrurs occupation from 1940 to 1945. 1940 (after May): 20,000 of British Columbia) looks at Japanese literature written during the American Occupation (1945-52) and traces the drastic and instantaneous changes in national identity presented to Japan in the aftermath of . Forming a large number of complete and loose. About 332 Icelandic women married foreign soldiers. Iceland officially remained neutral throughout World War II. [4] Many years of political maneuvering, acquisitions, and treaties were exchanged over the next decades. At the start of the Second World War, Iceland was an impoverished, b. Hyperleap helps uncover and. power automate planner due date Waipio Store: (808) 678-6868; ecopure water purifier Honolulu Store: (808) 848-5666; is windows malicious software removal tool necessary Mon - Sat: 8:00 am - 5:00 pm; jason hart aldi ceo salary Contact The last of the US soldiers were pulled back from Iceland in 30th of September 2006. Large neat collection of the Allied Occupation Soviet Zone of Provinz-Sachsen, Thuringen, with some Type I-II block sheet, West-Sachsen, Leipziger, and Allgemeine Ausgaben. Following a national vote on the subject, Iceland formally became an independent republic on June 17, 1944. The hospital ship Leinster based at Akureyri harbour sailed on 24 May to care for the wounded after the destruction of HMSHood in the battle. Foreign troop numbers over the period of occupation were as follows:[10], In some years this equaled 25% of the population or almost 50% of the native male population. The Allied occupation of Iceland lasted until 1941 when the Government of Iceland asked the United States (which was then neutral) to take over its defence. Britain promised Iceland and the people that they would be compensated and British and Canadian troops would withdraw at the end of the war. The Iceland Prime Minister, Hermann Jnasson, told the police and the people not to interfere with the British troops. Some point to the subsequent economic revival, others to loss of sovereignty and social upheaval. After the defiant battles that the Icela At the start of the war, Britain imposed strict export controls on Icelandic goods, preventing profitable shipments to Germany, as part of its naval blockade. occupation of Japan, (1945-52) military occupation of Japan by the Allied Powers after its defeat in World War II. The occupation required the building of a network of roads, hospitals, harbours, airfields and bridges across the country, and this did have enormous positive economic impact. Its 62-men crew on the island at the time and they were seen as a potential threat. The report found that while an invasion could be successful, maintaining supply lines would be too costly and the benefits of holding Iceland would not outweigh the costs (there was, for instance, insufficient infrastructure for aircraft in Iceland). During the occupation years, stand (situation), was used to describe the affection Icelandic women had for the allied soldiers, who often took them dancing, much to the dismay of Icelandic men and the older generation. Canadian forces dispersed across the island and initiated work on defence positions, and preparations for the building of the aerodrome in Kaldaarnes, building roads, improving harbours, establishing guard over strategic assets, and setting up coast watch stations. 12 April 1940: Britain took over the Faroe Islands. 'Germanity and Humanity' 37 'The Trouble with Germans' 37 'Transfer of the German populations': a political expedient 42 'Victors justice: the background to Hamburg 1943 and its aftermath 52 Victors' justice . 1943: 30,000 26 Mar 1943: The first plane landed on the Army airfield landing strip at Keflavik. American Zone of Occupation He watched over a German administration that included many Austrian-born Nazis. American troops replace the British and Canadians --- though some stay of them stay throughout the war years. In this the invasion and occupation was successful. The government of Britain sent the Icelandic government a message offering assistance against Germany to help Iceland keep her independent state. how did operation torch contribute to the allied victoryports america new orleans container tracking. loose lay vinyl flooring lowe39s x iowa city jazz festival 2022 Iceland stayed stubborn during these negotiations, claiming their right to be neutral and believing that even Hitler would respect their decision. Children born from these liaisons were called standsbrn (children of "The Situation"). Icelandic Roots by . The British retreated completely after the war, and most of their facilities were turned over to the Icelandic government, but American military presence remained. I turn 55 the same day [] so Im going to throw an standsball in the evening to which all are welcome too, Gujn said of Saturdays events, ending with a dance. The facility was protected by a minefield, anti-submarine gate and boom across the fjord, coastal guns, AA batteries, and anti-submarine trawlers. "Z" Force, led by Brigadier L. F. Page, with part of his brigade headquarters and The Royal Regiment of Canada embarked the Empress of Australia on June 10, and landed at Reykjavik on 16 June 1940. Denmarck was overthrown immediately that day. [citation needed]. U.S. forces grew considerably after the U.S. entered the war on 11 December 1941, reaching up to 30,000 Army (including Air Force personnel) and Navy personnel at any one time. Iceland received $43 million dollars. British troops left shortly after the end of the war. Some of the runways had been hastily built and were deteriorating from the frost and use had to be rebuilt. We provide seminars, webinars, blogs, podcasts, workshops, social media, Samtal Hours, New Member Training, a dedicated Icelandic Genealogy Database, and much more. The remainder of the 2,659 man "Z" Force, comprising Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal, The Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa (M.G. In time, some of the British garrison was replaced by Canadian and later American forces, despite the fact that the United States was not yet in the war. As the war drew to a close the Keflavk Agreement signed in 1946 between the United States and the Republic of Iceland stipulated that the American army would leave the country within six months, and Iceland would take possession of the Keflavk Airport. Over the next few weeks, about 200 workmen arrived along with their heavy equipment to build roads, improve the airstrip, and the operating bases. These troops had limited training, a shortage of weapons, and many new recruits. The Camerons, who had been allotted to the 3rd Division, spent the winter on the island and departed for England on 28 April 1941. In 1919 France stationed between 25,000 and 40,000 French colonial soldiers in the Rhineland. At the end of hostilities most British facilities were turned over to the Icelandic government. All our content comes from Wikipedia and under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The invasion of Iceland, code named Operation Fork, was a British military operation conducted by the Royal Navy and Royal Marines during World War II to occupy and deny Iceland to Germany. Canada declares war on Japan, Finland, Hungary, and Romania. In the following days air defence equipment was deployed in Reykjavk and a detachment of troops sent to Akureyri. The occupation force left in 1946. The invasion began in the early morning of 10 May 1940 with British troops disembarking in Reykjavk, capital of neutral Iceland. They were temporarily replaced by British garrison forces,[8] until 7 July 1941, when the defence of Iceland was transferred from Britain to the (still officially neutral) United States, by agreement with Iceland. Free shipping for many products! Women were often accused of prostitution and of being traitors. They were buried in the Brautarholt Cemetery by an Icelandic family. However, the initial invasion force was ill-equipped, only partially trained and insufficient to the task of occupation and defence of the island. . Today we celebrate the following holidays: Veteran's Day - an official holiday to honor people who have served in the US Armed Forces. 25,000,000 from Soviet Union (9,750,000 Military Deaths) 30 General Hospital operated from July 1940 to September 1941. This number equaled 25% of Icelands population and 50% of its total male population. 07 Dec 1941: Japan declares war on Canada. 1944: 15,000 LOT DE 6 TIMBRES DE LOCCUPATION ALLIE DE LA THRACE. Britain offered assistance to Iceland, seeking cooperation "as a belligerent and an ally", but Reykjavik declined and reaffirmed its neutrality. Because it seemed to be a tricky, occupying a neutral country like Iceland, President Roosevelt required a specific invitation from the Icelandic government. The provincial boundaries are those of pre-Nazi Weimar Germany, before the present Lnder (federal states). In 1941, the Icelandic Minister of the Judiciary investigated "The Situation" (standi), and the police tracked 500+ women who had been having sex with the soldiers. Germany Under Allied Occupation CL3518.jpg 800 672; 77 KB. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. First of all, a number of people of German ethnicity lived in Iceland. The German diplomatic presence in Iceland, along with the island's strategic importance, alarmed the British. Elements based in Akureyri formed the Tactical School, Winter Warfare Course which trained the 49th into a Mountain/Arctic division. On the other hand, Icelanders severely censured the sexual relationships between troops and local women, which were causing considerable controversy and political turmoil. Britain needed her troops elsewhere, and requested that US forces occupy the island.
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